{"id":48972,"date":"2023-03-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-27T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jotelulu.com\/blog\/what-is-iis-web-server-and-what-does-it-do\/"},"modified":"2023-03-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-03-27T22:00:00","slug":"what-is-iis-web-server-and-what-does-it-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jotelulu.com\/en-gb\/blog\/what-is-iis-web-server-and-what-does-it-do\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is IIS Web Server and What Does It Do?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this short article, we&rsquo;ll discuss&nbsp;<strong>what IIS web server is and what it&rsquo;s used for<\/strong>, as well as some other useful bits of information about this Microsoft service.<\/p>\n<p>There are&nbsp;<strong>many different kinds of software out there<\/strong>, such as user programs, mobile apps and server software. There are also hundreds of&nbsp;<strong>different types of software licences<\/strong>, and it can often be tricky to know exactly what kind of software a program is, what it is for and why it was developed in the first place.<\/p>\n<p>This last point is an interesting one, as occasionally, a product or service might end up being used for a different purpose than the one it was originally designed for.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOTE:<\/strong> <em>If you&rsquo;d like to learn about an example of a product that was designed for one thing but ended up being used for another, check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.todayifoundout.com\/index.php\/2011\/08\/super-glue-was-invented-by-accident-twice\/\">this article about Super Glue<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>As it happens, IIS is actually a pretty versatile piece of software. So, let&rsquo;s take a closer look at this Microsoft service and what it is used for.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What Is IIS And What Is It Used For?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Firstly, IIS stands for&nbsp;<strong>Internet Information Services<\/strong>, which might sound a little pretentious for a simple web server.<\/p>\n<p>IIS is known as Microsoft&rsquo;s&nbsp;<strong>HTTP\/HTTPS web server<\/strong>, but this is actually a little simplistic as it can also provide other services like&nbsp;<strong>NNTP<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>FTP<\/strong> or even a simplified version of&nbsp;<strong>SMTP<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>However, this&nbsp;<strong>simplified version of SMTP&nbsp;<\/strong>(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is not actually intended as a mail service. It&rsquo;s not designed so that people can send e-mails to each other. It&rsquo;s actually designed so that&nbsp;<strong>web applications&nbsp;<\/strong>hosted on the IIS server&nbsp;<strong>can send notification e-mails<\/strong>. This is mainly because IIS doesn&rsquo;t include a POP or IMAP service.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_17870\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17870\" style=\"width: 791px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-17870 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jotelulu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Imagen.-Consola-de-administracion-de-IIS-web-server-Internet-Information-Sevices-Manager.png?resize=791%2C405&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Image - Internet Information Services Manager window\" width=\"791\" height=\"405\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17870\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image &ndash; Internet Information Services Manager window<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>A Short History of IIS Web Server<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>IIS web server was developed by Microsoft in a very popular but complex&nbsp;<strong>programming language called C++<\/strong>. The first version was released in&nbsp;<strong>1995&nbsp;<\/strong>under a&nbsp;<strong>proprietary software licence<\/strong>. Since then, various features have been added, and numerous performance and security issues have been fixed.<\/p>\n<p>As a side note, with its growing popularity,&nbsp;it is becoming increasingly important for sysadmins to master&nbsp;<strong>PowerShell&nbsp;<\/strong>when performing a variety of tasks. IIS is no exception to this, and PowerShell can be a really useful tool for managing this service.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOTE:&nbsp;<\/strong><em>To find out more about how you can use PowerShell with IIS, check out this link on the <\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/iis\/get-started\/whats-new-in-iis-10\/iisadministration-powershell-cmdlets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Microsoft<\/a> website.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Over the years,&nbsp;<strong>IIS web server&rsquo;s popularity has fluctuated<\/strong>, but more recently, there has been a&nbsp;<strong>clear downward trend&nbsp;<\/strong>compared with other traditional web servers like Apache web server or Nginx, which we compared in a recent article.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_17875\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17875\" style=\"width: 556px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-17875 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jotelulu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Imagen.-Evolucion-de-Web-Servers-segun-Netcraft-parte-I.png?resize=556%2C286&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Image - Popularity of different web servers. Source: Netcraft\" width=\"556\" height=\"286\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17875\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image &ndash; Popularity of different web servers. Source: Netcraft<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This fall in market share can be seen in the graph below too. In 2007, IIS enjoyed 40% of market share, but&nbsp;<strong>currently, it is closer to around 10%&nbsp;<\/strong>when considering production web servers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_17871\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17871\" style=\"width: 556px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-17871\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jotelulu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Imagen.-Evolucion-de-Web-Servers-segun-Netcraft.png?resize=556%2C358&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Image - Web server market share. Source: Netcraft\" width=\"556\" height=\"358\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17871\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image &ndash; Web server market share. Source: Netcraft<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOTE:<\/strong> <em>Data source:<\/em><em>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.netcraft.com\/archives\/2023\/01\/27\/january-2023-web-server-survey.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/news.netcraft.com\/archives\/2023\/01\/27\/january-2023-web-server-survey.html<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>However, it&rsquo;s important to bear in mind that we&rsquo;re talking about web servers that provide both intranet and internet services. This makes&nbsp;<strong>IIS a multi-purpose server&nbsp;<\/strong>that still retains a significant share of the market.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>IIS Web Server Componentisation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The IIS model uses a&nbsp;<strong>single thread <\/strong>to handle requests made to the server. This is quite different from the model used by Apache, which uses multiple threads.<\/p>\n<p>You might think that this creates a bottleneck once the number of requests gets too high. However, in reality, <strong>some tasks are delegated to other worker threads<\/strong>, unloading a certain amount of the workload so that it can always&nbsp;<strong>listen for requests<\/strong> and respond to them. It essentially performs the job of a &laquo;dispatcher&raquo;,&nbsp;<strong>assigning work to worker threads&nbsp;<\/strong>and delivering a <strong>response to the requester<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This solves the bottleneck issue to a certain extent, creating a&nbsp;<strong>concurrent processing model&nbsp;<\/strong>where the server is&nbsp;<strong>continuously receiving requests<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>forwarding them<\/strong>, <strong>receiving responses <\/strong>from the worker threats and <strong>forwarding <\/strong><strong>them to the original requester<\/strong>. By doing things this way, greater server performance is achieved.<\/p>\n<p>To illustrate this, take the example below, which looks at how&nbsp;<strong>a request from a client device is processed<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_17876\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17876\" style=\"width: 985px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-17876 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jotelulu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Imagen.-Procesamiento-de-solicitudes-HTTP-en-IIS-web-server.png?resize=800%2C705&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Image - Processing an HTTP request on IIS web server\" width=\"800\" height=\"705\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17876\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image &ndash; Processing an HTTP request on IIS web server<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The client sends an HTTP request, and the HTTP protocol stack receives the request.<\/li>\n<li>The HTTP protocol stack contacts the Windows Activation Service (WAS).<\/li>\n<li>Windows Activation Service (WAS) requests configuration information from the configuration store.<\/li>\n<li>Configuration information is sent to the WWW service, compiling data like the group of applications or the website configuration.<\/li>\n<li>The WWW service uses the configuration information to configure how the HTTP protocol stack should respond to the device (HTTP.sys).<\/li>\n<li>Windows Activation Service (WAS) starts a worker process for the application that launched the request.<\/li>\n<li>The request is processed, and the application pool returns a response to the HTTP protocol stack.<\/li>\n<li>The response is sent to the client.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Versions of IIS and Available Support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>IIS web server has been with us since 1995, which means that very soon, it will be a staggering 30 years old!<\/p>\n<p>Since its <strong>appearance with Windows NT 3.51 Service Page 3<\/strong>, it has gone through several iterations, which, if we&rsquo;re honest, have not always been positive.<\/p>\n<p>Most versions are no longer supported, mainly because the operating systems they&rsquo;re linked to aren&rsquo;t supported either. However, for Windows Server 2012, Windows 8 and their successors, there is still support, even if there is a set date for that support to end.<\/p>\n<p>The table below lists the different&nbsp;<strong>versions of IIS web server, the operating systems&nbsp;<\/strong>that host it and the&nbsp;<strong>planned date for support to end, if available<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table width=\"595\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\"><strong>IIS Version<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"378\"><strong>Supported Operating Systems<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>End of Support<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 1.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows NT 3.51 Service Pack 3<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 2.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows NT 4.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 3.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 3<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 4.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 5.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows 2000<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 5.1<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows XP Professional<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 6.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 7.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows Vista (Solo Business and Ultimate) and Windows Server 2008<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 7.5<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">No support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 8.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">10 October 2023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 8.5<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">10 October 2023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 10<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows Server 2016<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">12 January 2027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"104\">IIS 10.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"378\">Windows 10, Windows 11, Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server 2022<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\">9 January 2029<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Table &ndash; Versions of IIS web server, supported OSs and support end date<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Summary<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>As you can see, IIS web server is&nbsp;<strong>not just useful for displaying websites<\/strong>; it can also be used to display files using <strong>WebDav&nbsp;<\/strong>or send files via&nbsp;<strong>the FTP protocol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Even if it doesn&rsquo;t have the same market share that it once had, it&rsquo;s still a very good option to have if you want to serve a website&nbsp;<strong>without buying additional licences or installing software<\/strong>, as IIS web server is included in Windows Server and even client versions of Windows, although it&rsquo;s often &laquo;deactivated&raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>If you&rsquo;d like to learn how to deploy IIS, take a look at these tutorials:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jotelulu.com\/en-gb\/support\/tutorials\/how-to-install-and-configure-an-ftp-server-on-windows-iis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Install and Configure an FTP Server on Windows (IIS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jotelulu.com\/en-gb\/support\/tutorials\/how-to-install-iis-web-server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to Install IIS Web Server<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can also find more information about the product on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iis.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the product website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks for reading!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this short article, we&rsquo;ll discuss&nbsp;what IIS web server is and what it&rsquo;s used for, as well as some other useful bits of information about this Microsoft service. There are&nbsp;many different kinds of software out there, such as user programs, mobile apps and server software. There are also hundreds of&nbsp;different types of software licences, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17880,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cloud-y-sistemas"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is IIS Web Server and What Does It Do? - Jotelulu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this short article, we&#039;ll discuss\u00a0what IIS web server is and what it&#039;s used for, as well as other useful information about this service.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jotelulu.com\/en-gb\/blog\/what-is-iis-web-server-and-what-does-it-do\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is IIS Web Server and What Does It Do? 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